Oil burner



I. MLSEYMOUR, In.

OIL BURNER. APPLICATION FlLED DEC.24, 1919 Patented May 16,1922

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' and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as Wili enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to characters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

The present invention relates, generally, to improvements in oil burners for various kinds of-boilers -and furnaces, and for any other similar uses; and the invention has reference, more particularly, to a novel and highly efiicient construction of circulating oil burner.

The invention has for its principal object to provide a novel construction of 011 burner provided with means for constantly clrculating the oil therethrough and gyrating the same about the spray discharge orifice regardless of the position of the needle valve which co-operates with the latter to close and to regulate the degree of opening thereof. I

In the common types of oil burners, as heretofore used, and which are designed to eject a spray of oil from a discharge orifice,

controlled by a suitable needle valve, by gyrating the oil in back of and about the said discharge orifice, a great disadvantage arlses from the fact that when the needle valve is nearly closed the flow of oil through the a discharge orifice is so small that the centrifugal, rotating or gyrating motion of the oil is so slowed down, and even in some instances stopped altogether, that the spraying effect of the discharge is prevented, and consequently the oil dribbles or seeps out of the discharge orifice without producing the desired and necessary spray, thus greatly in1 pairing the efiiciency of the burner. Another disadvantage of this type of oil burner is that the oil is so slowed down in its movement through the burner, when the discharge orifice is almost closed, that said oil becomes cooled and loses its proper viscosity, tending to gum up the interior chambers ,and passages of the burner to the further impairment of the efiiciency of the burner.

Application filed December 24, 1919. Serial No. 347,075.

' to the suction side of said pump,

Specification of Letters Patent. Pate ted. M y 11$ 1922 It is the object of my present invention'to overcome the above mentioned disadvantages in 011 burners of the spray type, and to this end I provide a novel construction of burner through and at the same time producing the'desired gyrating motion thereof in back of and about the needle valve controlled discharge orifice, the oil being kept, by means of a feed pump, constantly flowingto the discharge orifice, and from v, that point back thus producing a circulation through the burner so constant that the oil,-if it is not allowed to enter the fire box through the needle valve having means for circulating the oiltherecontrolled discharge orifice, keeps up its I movement or flow through the burner, so that whenever the needle valve opens the discharge orifice to any desired degree, the oil will be proper motion, at a proper temperature and at a proper condition of viscosity to immediately eject itself through said discharge orifice with the desired spray effect. A further advantage of my novel construction of circulating oil burner lies in the fact that, no matter whether the needle valve controlling the discharge orifice is closed or open to any degree from minimum to maximum opened position, the gyrating effect upon the oil is the same, sothat when the orifice is open to any degree the oil will be ejected therefrom in a spray, this being due to the fact that the oil is permitted to.

travel or circulate through the burner con stantly at a fixed speed regardless of the position of the needle valve relative to the dis charge orifice.

Another object of my invention .is to providea construction of oil burnerrwhich will permit of a plurality of burners being coupled in series in the same oil supply line;

Other objects of the present invention, not at this time more particularly enumerated, will be clearly understood from the following detailed descriptionof the same.

With the various objects of the present invention in View, the same consists, primarily, in the novel construction of circulating oil burner hereinafter set forth; and, the invention consists, furthermore, in the novel arrangements and. combina ions 'of the various pump'and source of oil supply being also' The invention is clearly illustrated in the I portion 18, which co-operates with sald discharge orifice 8 to open or close' the same The interior of said body portion provides a rearwardly accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a face view of a, portionof a furnace orboiler fire-box equipped with m bu i'ner, the relation ofthe latter to a feed illustrated thereby; Figure 2 is a vertical longitudinal section taken on line 22 in said Figure 1, said view being drawn on an enlarged scale; Figure 3 is a detail transverse'section taken on line 3-3 in said F 1gure 2; Figure 4 is a detail transverse section taken on line 4% in said Figure 2; and Figure 5 is a detail view illustrating a plurality of my novel circulating o l burners connected in series in the same 011 su ply line. 1

imilar characters of reference are employed in all of the hereinabove described views, to indicate corresponding parts.

Referring now to said drawings, the reference-character 1 indicates a fire-box provided with a burner port 2 havingany suitable construction or arrangement of coverplate 3. Said cover-plate 3 is provided with a suitably located opening 1 with which is connected the; discharge end of an air delivery pipe or conduit 5. Mounted within the discharge" end of said air delivery pipe 5 is the novel construction of circulating oil burner made according to and embodying the principles of my present invention, the same comprising a rearwardly tapering-conical body portion 6 arranged with its forward end, or end of largest diameter, facing toward the fire-box interior. The

forward end of said body portion 6 is open,

and is internally threaded to receive, in closed relation thereto, an externally threaded circular cap-plate 7 provided with a gbentrally disposed discharge orifice 8.

Connected with the rearward small end of said conical body portion 6, preferably as an integral part thereof, is a rearwardly extending neck 9 provided with a central internally threaded longitudinal opening 10, through which extends a valve stem 11 provided with a screw threaded portion 12 cooperating with the internally threaded portion of said opening 10. The outer end of said neck 9 is provided with an annular packing seat 13-, in which is arranged a suitable packing 14 to surround said valve stem 11, a packing retaining cap 15 being threaded to the external extremity of said neck 9. Said valve stem extends rearwardly and outwardly through said cap 15, and thence through a bearing block 16 mounted in the wall of said air delivery pipe 5 to project exteriorly of the latter, the outer extremity of said valve stem having a hand-wheel 17 fixed thereon, wherewith said valve stem may be properly manipulated. The inner end of said. valve st e1n novel construction 'of circulating oil is formed; to provide a tapered needle valve at the willof the operator.

Connected with said body portion 6 is an I oil delivery or intake pipe 20, the same being so located relative to said body portion that its passage 21 enters the chamber 19 tangent to its greatest diameter immediately in the rear of said cap-plate 7. Also connected with said body portion 6 is an oil return or outlet pipe 22, the same being so arranged that its passage 23 is connected in communication with the rear or diminished outlet end 24: of the conical chamber 19. In order to aline the intake and outlet pipes in parallel arrangement, which is the arrangement T prefer, I provide in connection with the'exterior wall of said body portion 6 a rib or longitudinal boss 25 in which is provided a passage 26 which interconnects the passage 23 with the outlet end 24: of said cham ber 19.

The reference-character 27 indicates any suitable source of oil supply, from which leads to said intake pipe 20 an oil supply or delivery pipe line 28, in which is connected a force pump 29, of any desired type, for feeding the oil in constant flow from said source of supply to said oil burner- Connected with said outlet pipe 22 is an oil return pipe line 30 leading back to said source of supply 27.

When the novel construction of oil burner above described is in operation, the valve plate 7, is compelled to gyrate or swirl Y rapidly around the interior of said chamber 19 in back of said cap-plate 7, so that the cyclonic efiect or motion thereof causes a portion of the oil to be ejected through the discharge orifice 8 in the form ofoutwardly diverging spray, governed in quantity by the amount of opening permitted to said discharge orifice by the adjusted position of the needle valve relative thereto. The remainder of the oil, so entering the chamber 19, with diminishing gyrating motion, due to the rearward contraction of the walls of said chamber19, flows rearwa-rdly through said chamber 19 to the outlet end 24: thereof, escaping therethrough into and through the passage 26, and thence through the out- 20 struction ofv oil burner may be used in let" pipe 22 into and through the return pipe line back to the source of supply 27 on the suction side of the force pump 29. In this manner a constant flow or circulation of oil through the chamber 19 of the 011- burner is maintained, with the accompanying desired gyrating motion of the same inback of the cap-plate 7 and its discharge orifice 8, which is so necessary to the produc-.

tion of the spray form ejection of the oil a through the discharge orifice 8.

By the circulation of the oil so maintained, in and through thechamber 19, all the disadvantages of the heretofore used types of non-'circulatin oil burners above pointed out are" avoi ed, and all the advantages which I claim, as also pointed out in the preamble of this specification, are attained.

Referring now to Figure 5 of the drawings, I have illustrated how my novel conseries, an arrangement possessing many advantages not necessary to recite in detail, and not possible of attainment by non-circulating typesof oil burners. In said Figure 5 I have shown three of my novel burners, A, B, and RC so arranged that the supply pipe 28 is coupled with the intake pipe 20 of burner A, the outlet pipe 22 of burner A being coupled by intermediate piping D with the intake pipe 20 of burner B, an in like manner, the outlet pipe 22 of burner B being coupled by intermediate piping E with the intake pipe 20 of burner C, while the outletvpipe of burner C is connected with the return pipe 30. By this arran ement a continuous circulation of oil may e maintained through all the burners Home single source of supply and force pump, regardless of the open or closed condition of the discharge orifice of any individual burner,

so that the control of each burner may be individually attained, while a constant flow of oil is maintained through said burners for use at the will of the operator. Of course, any number of burners may be coupled together in the above described manner.

I am aware that some changes may be' m'ade in the general arrangements and comb-inations of the devices and parts of my present invention, as well as in the details of-the construction of said parts, without departing from the scope of my inyention as set forth in the foregoing specification and as defined in the appended claims. Hence, I do not limit-my invention to the exact arrangements and combinations of the devices and parts as described in said speci-- fication, nor do I confine myself to the ex-' act details of the construction of said parts as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.-

I claim 1. An oil burner provided with a valve controlled spray discharge orifice, a rearwardly diminished conical chamber in back 1 entering of said discharge orifice, an oil intake means said chamber tangent to its largest circum rence to cause the oil to gyrate therein in the rear of and about saiddis charge orifice, said chamber having an outlet at its rear small end, and an oil outlet means communicating with said chamber outlet.

2. An' oil burner comprising a body por tion providing. a rearwardly diminished conical chamber, a cap-plate having a centrally disposed spraydischarge orifice closmg the large open end of said chamber, an oil intake means entering said chamber tangent to its largest circumference immediately in back of said capeplate, said body portion having an outlet passage communicating with the rear small end of said cham ber, an oil outlet means connected with said outlet passage ofsaid chamber;

3. An oil burner compria'ng a body portion providing a rearwardly diminished conical chamber, a cap-plate having a centrally disposed spray discharge orifice clos-- ing the large open end of said chamber, an oil intake means entering said chamber tangent to its largestcircumference immediately in back of said cap-plate, said body portion having an outlet passage communicating with the rear small end of said chamber, an oil outlet means connected with said outlet passage of said chamber, a needle valve to co-operate with said discharge orifice, means connected with said body portion for mounting said needle valve, and a handle for manipulating said needle valve.

4. An oil burner comprising a body portion providing a rearwardly diminished stem extending forwardly through said chamber and having a conical valve member to co-operate with said discharge orifice, and the rearwardly andexteriorly projecting end of said valve stem having ahandle for manipulating the same.

5. The combination with a combustion chamber of an; '.-air-intake conduit, an oil burner withir'rthe discharge end of said airintake conduit, said oil-burner having a valve controlled spray discharge orifice, a rearwardly diminished conical chamber in back of said discharge orifice, an oil intake means entering said chamber tangent to its rear small end, and an oil outletmeans con);

, municating with said chamber outlet.

6. The combination With a combustion chamber of an air-intake conduit, an oil burner Within the discharge end of said airintake conduit, said oil-burner having a valve controlled spray discharge orifice, a rearvvardly diminished conical chamber in back of said discharge orifice, an oil intake means enterin said chamber tangent to its largest circum 'erence tocause the oil to gyner nae rate therein in the rear of said discharge orifice, said chamber having an outlet at its rear small end, and an oil outlet means communicating with said chamber outlet, means for connecting said oil intake and outlet means in circuit with an oil supply and means for circulating oil through said burner.

In testimony that l cla'imthe invention set forth above I have hereunto set my hand this 20th day of December, 1919.

JAMES M. SEYMUUR, JR.

Witnesses:

GEORGE 1D. RIoHARDs, James E. RICHARDS. 

